Exclusive breastfeeding practices among women in Kei Besar Island: a descriptive study

Jessica Gloria Mogi; Sylvia Winnie Melinda; Henry William Burhan

doi:10.21927/ijnd.2024.12(2).80-92

Exclusive breastfeeding practices among women in Kei Besar Island: a descriptive study

Jessica Gloria Mogi, Sylvia Winnie Melinda, Henry William Burhan

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: ASI eksklusif telah terbukti dapat mengurangi kejadian stunting dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan jangka panjang di Indonesia, serta mencegah kejadian penyakit menular seperti diare. Sebagai bagian dari strategi penurunan stunting di Indonesia, pemerintah Indonesia memasukkan ASI eksklusif sebagai salah satu dari 11 strategi intervensi spesifik. Bagaimanapun, area-area dengan prevalensi stunting yang cukup tinggi seperti Maluku Tenggara, juga cenderung memiliki prevalensi ASI eksklusif yang lebih rendah.

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyajikan profil ibu hamil multigravida dan ibu menyusui yang memiliki bayi berusia 0-5,9 bulan, baik yang melakukan ASI eksklusif maupun yang tidak, di Pulau Kei Besar, Maluku Tenggara.

Metode: Penelitian deskriptif ini menggunakan rancangan potong lintang. Kuesioner diberikan pada 23 ibu hamil multigravida yang pernah menyusui anaknya dan 8 ibu menyusui yang memiliki bayi berusia 0-5,9 bulan untuk mempelajari karakteristik demografik, pengetahuan, dan praktik terkait menyusui. Hasil dipaparkan dalam bentuk statistik deskriptif.

Hasil: Di antara ibu hamil, 52% kekurangan pengetahuan mengenai inisiasi menyusui dini. 95.7% memeriksakan kehamilannya pada bidan, dengan 39.1% di antaranya memiliki frekuensi ANC >4 kali. Selain itu, 60.9% mengaku menyusui anak sebelumnya secara eksklusif. Di antara ibu menyusui, 75% mengakui menyusui secara eksklusif, namun 62,5% tidak tepat dalam menyebutkan definisi ASI eksklusif dan juga mengaku memberikan susu formula dalam sehari terakhir. Terdapat juga kepercayaan seperti bahwa perempuan kurus menghasilkan ASI lebih sedikit dan bahwa kandungan gizi susu formula sama dengan ASI.

Kesimpulan: Promosi kesehatan tentang ASI eksklusif sangat penting untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan mengoreksi kepercayaan yang keliru. Bidan memiliki potensi untuk menjadi agen yang efektif dalam mempromosikan ASI eksklusif saat memeriksa kehamilan ibu-ibu Kei Besar.

KATA KUNCI: ASI eksklusif, Kei Besar, Maluku

ABSTRACT

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding has shown evidence of effectiveness in reducing stunting and promoting long-term growth in Indonesia, as well as preventing infectious diseases such as diarrhea. As part of stunting reduction acceleration strategies, the Indonesian government recognizes the importance of exclusive breastfeeding and includes it in the 11 specific intervention strategies. However, areas with high stunting prevalence such as Southeast Maluku, tend to also have low exclusive breastfeeding prevalence.

Objectives: This study aims to delineate the profiles of multigravida pregnant women and women with infants aged 0-5.9 months old engaged in exclusive breastfeeding and those who do not in Kei Besar Island, Southeast Maluku.

Methods: This descriptive study employed a cross-sectional design. A questionnaire was administered to 23 pregnant women with previous experience of breastfeeding and 8 breastfeeding mothers of infants aged 0-5.9 months to assess demographic characteristics, knowledge, and breastfeeding practices. Findings are presented using descriptive statistics.

Results: Among pregnant women, 52% lacked knowledge of early breastfeeding initiation. 95.7% received antenatal care from midwives, with 39.1% attending four or more times. Notably, 60.9% reported exclusively breastfeeding their previous child. Among breastfeeding mothers, 75% reported exclusive breastfeeding, but 62.5% provided incorrect definitions of breastfeeding and admitted to formula milk use within the past day. Additionally, misconceptions included beliefs that thinner women produce less breast milk and that formula milk's nutritional content resembles that of breast milk.

Conclusions: Addressing knowledge gaps and misconceptions through health education on exclusive breastfeeding is essential. Midwives have the potential to serve as effective agents in promoting exclusive breastfeeding during ANC appointments for Kei Besar mothers.

KEYWORD: exclusive breastfeeding; Kei Besar; Maluku

Keywords

ASI eksklusif; Kei Besar; Maluku; exclusive breastfeeding; Kei Besar; Maluku

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21927/ijnd.2024.12(2).80-92