The effectiveness of WHO Anthro training in improving the data quality of nutritional status of preschool children

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: Masalah triple burden di Indonesia menjadi salah satu target dari Sustainnable Development Goals (SDGs) yang harus segera diselesaikan karena berkaitan dengan penurunan kematian balita akibat gizi buruk. Deteksi dini tumbuh kembang anak belum optimal mengatasi masalah gizi karena masih ada guru yang masih kesulitan menentukan status gizi sehingga data yang dilaporkan masih manual dan belum akurat.

Tujuan: melihat efektifitas pemberian pelatihan WHO Anthro terhadap kualitas data status gizi anak sekolah.

Metode: Penelitian Quasi Eksperimental dengan rancangan pretest-postest equivalent repeated measured, menggunakan dua kelompok. Penelitian dilakukan bulan Januari-Maret 2023. Sampel sejumlah 40 guru terbagi dalam 2 kelompok sama rata. Guru TK ABA di Kapenawon Gamping yang berstatus aktif dan sudah mengisi informed consent, akan masuk menjadi responden. Peserta pelatihan yang tidak mengikuti tes sebanyak 3 kali akan dieksklusi. Kelompok kontrol dilatih pengeplottan status gizi menggunakan grafik WHO dan kelompok perlakuan dilatih menggunakan aplikasi WHO Anthro Plus. Pelatihan dilakukan selam 2 bulan untuk menilai  pretes, midtes, dan postes. Analisa data menggunakan Uji Friedman dilanjutkan dengan uji post hoc Tukey HSD.

Hasil: Hasil uji friedman, kelompok yang dilatih menggunakan aplikasi WHO Anthro Plus terbukti kualitas data status gizi yang dihasilkan signifikan berbeda dengan nilai p value= 0,000 (p<0,05) baik dari aspek keakuratan data maupun manfaatnya. Hasil Post hoc Tukey HSD membuktikan bahwa dari tiga kali penilaian kualitas data, penilaian yang dilakukan setelah dua bulan dari pelatihan terbukti signifikan berbeda p value=0,007 (p<0,05). Hal ini disebabkan peserta pelatihan langsung mempraktekkan WHO Anthro Plus di sekolah masing-masing.

Kesimpulan: Aplikasi WHO Anthro Plus terbukti memudahkan guru TK/PAUD dalam penentuan status gizi dan laporan status gizinya menjadi lebih berkualitas karena lebih akurat dan bermanfaat untuk deteksi dini tumbuh kembang anak di tiap sekolah.

KATA KUNCI: WHO Antrho; Gizi; pelatihan guru ; stunting

ABSTRACT

Background: The triple burden problem in Indonesia has become one of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) targets that must be urgently addressed due to its critical role in reducing toddler mortality attributed to malnutrition. However, the early detection of child growth issues is not optimal because some teachers still struggle to determine nutritional status, resulting in manual and inaccurate data.

Objectives: This study aims to assess the effectiveness of providing WHO Anthro training on the quality of nutrition status data for schoolchildren.

Methods: This research employs a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest equivalent design, measured repeatedly, using two groups. The study was conducted from January to March 2023. A total of 40 ABA School Teachers at Kapenawon Gamping who had provided informed consent participated as respondents. Training participants who did not pass the test three times were excluded. The control group received training on plotting nutritional status using WHO charts, while the treatment group was trained using the WHO Anthro Plus application. The training spanned two months, including pre-tests, mid-tests, and post-tests. Data analysis involved the Friedman test followed by the Tukey HSD post hoc test.

Results: The results of the Friedman test revealed a significant difference in the quality of nutritional status data produced by the group trained using the WHO Anthro Plus application (p-value = 0.000, p < 0.05). This difference was observed in both data accuracy and the perceived benefits. This improvement occurred because training participants were able to practice using WHO Anthro Plus in their respective schools.

Conclusions: The study concludes that the WHO Anthro Plus application facilitates school teachers in determining nutritional status more accurately and efficiently. As a result, the reported data is of higher quality, enhancing the early detection of child growth issues in schools.

KEYWORDS: data quality; kindergarten teacher; training; stunting; WHO Anthro