Antenatal care visit frequency of short stature mother as risk factor of stunting among children aged 6 - 23 months in Indonesia (IFLS 5 Study Analysis)

Herwinda Kusuma Rahayu; BJ Istiti Kandarina; Abdul Wahab

doi:10.21927/ijnd.2019.7(3).%p

Antenatal care visit frequency of short stature mother as risk factor of stunting among children aged 6 - 23 months in Indonesia (IFLS 5 Study Analysis)

Herwinda Kusuma Rahayu, BJ Istiti Kandarina, Abdul Wahab

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: Stunting adalah gangguan pertumbuhan linear yang saat ini menjadi masalah utama kesehatan anak di negara berkembang yang berhubungan dengan morbiditas dan mortalitas. Berdasarkan hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar, prevalensi stunting di Indonesia pada tahun 2018 masih tinggi, yaitu mencapai 30,8%. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya stunting adalah tinggi badan ibu yang pendek, dengan prevalensi sebesar 30,5%. Ibu hamil dengan tinggi badan pendek harus memperhatikan kondisi kesehatan selama kehamilan, salah satunya melalui pemeriksaan kehamilan atau antenatal care (ANC) dengan frekuensi pemeriksaan yang sesuai dengan standar.

Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional yang menggunakan data sekunder dari penelitian longitudinal yaitu Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) periode ke-5 yang dilaksanakan pada tahun 2014. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah kohort retrospektif. Analisis bivariat dilakukan menggunakan uji chi square, sedangkan analisis multivariat menggunakan uji regresi logistic. Uji statistik dilakukan menggunakan software Stata v13.

Hasil: Hasil analisis bivariat diketahui bahwa frekuensi ANC ibu dengan tinggi badan pendek memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan kejadian stunting dengan nilai p=0,04 (RR=1,29; CI 95%=1,02-1,65). Hasil analisis multivariat frekuensi ANC dengan kejadian stunting yang mengikut sertakan variabel luar didapatkan bahwa BBLR merupakan penyebab terbesar kejadian stunting (OR=1,97; CI 95%=1,06-3,64)

Kesimpulan: Frekuensi ANC yang sesuai perlu dilakukan oleh ibu hamil dengan tinggi badan pendek. Hal ini adalah upaya untuk mengoptimalkan status kesehatan, sehingga kejadian BBLR yang merupakan faktor risiko kejadian stunting tidak terjadi. Diperlukan strategi pemerintah untuk meningkatkan frekuensi kunjungan ANC dengan mempertimbangkan komponen pelayanan.

Kata kunci: stunting; ibu dengan tinggi badan pendek; antenatal care; IFLS 5

ABSTRACT

Background: Stunting is linear growth retardation that associated with morbidity and mortality. Prevalence of stunting in Indonesia on 2018 is high, 30,8%. One of the factors that influence stunting is short stature mother. Pregnant women with short stature should concern to their health conditions during pregnancy, through antenatal care (ANC) with frequency that are in accordance with the standards.

Method: This study was an observational study using the secondary data of the 5^th wave Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) on 2014. The design of this study was a retrospective cohort. . Bivariate analysis was performed using the chi square test, while the multivariate analysis used a logistic regression test. All analyses were performed in Stata v13.

Results: Bivariate analysis showed that the ANC frequency of short stature mother had a significant relationship with stunting (p=0.04; RR= 1.29; CI 95%= 1.02-1.65). Multivariat analysis showed that low birth weight is the main cause of stunting (OR=1,97; CI 95%=1,06-3,64)

Conclusion: ANC visit essential for short height mother to optimize their health status, so low birth weight which is a risk factor for stunting does not occur. Strategies are needed to improve the frequency and components of ANC services

Keywords: stunting; short height mother; antenatal care; IFLS 5

Keywords

stunting; short height mother; antenatal care; IFLS 5

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21927/ijnd.2019.7(3).%25p