Associated factors of adolescents malnutrition in junior high school student

Nuryani Nuryani; Yeni Paramata

doi:10.21927/ijnd.2020.8(1).9-21

Associated factors of adolescents malnutrition in junior high school student

Nuryani Nuryani, Yeni Paramata

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: Remaja merupakan kelompok usia yang rentang mengalami malnutrisi baik gizi lebih maupun gizi kurang yang disebabkan oleh pertumbuhan ﬁ sik yang cepat, perubahan hormonal untuk system reproduksi dan perubahan psikosial.
Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengkaji sejumlah faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian malnutrisi pada remaja.
Metode: Desain penelitian cross sectional study yang diselenggarakan di MTS Negeri Model 1 Limboto. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan tekhnik accidental sampling sejumlah 251 remaja. Variabel penelitian berupa status gizi remaja, status sosial ekonomi, pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku gizi pada remaja. Analisis hubungan antara variabel menggunakan uji chi square test dengan nilai α = 0.05.
Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 10,0% remaja mengalami stunting, 23,5% remaja mengalami obesitas, 72,5% pengetahuan gizi kurang, 41,8% sikap gizi seimbang negative dan 45,4% perilaku gizi seimbang yang tidak baik. Analisis uji chi square menunjukkan pendidikan ayah berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting pada remaja (p = 0,001), namun analisis hubungan social ekonomi dengan kejadian stunting dan obesitas remaja berturut – turut pendidikan ibu (p=0,051 dan p=0,647), pekerjaan ibu (p = 0,385 dan p = 0,206), pendapatan keluarga (p = 1,000 dan p=0,061), riwayat pengasuhan (p = 0,496 dan p = 0,525), jumlah saudara (p = 0,131 dan p = 0,903), jenis kelamin (p = 0,298 dan p = 1,000), pengetahuan (p = 0,767 dan p = 0,447), sikap (p = 0,656 dan p = 0,805) dan perilaku gizi (p = 1,000 dan p = 0,268) tidak berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting dan obesitas pada remaja.
Kesimpulan: faktor social ekonomi yakni pendidikan ayah berhubungan signiﬁ kan dengan kejadian stunting pada remaja.

KATA KUNCI: malnutrisi: pengetahuan: perilaku: sikap: sosial ekonomi

ABSTRACT

Backgrounds: Adolescents are an age group that vulnerable experiencing of malnutrition both over nutrition and undernutrition caused by rapid physical growth, hormonal changes to the reproductive system and psychosocial changes.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the socioeconomic factors that inﬂ uenced the incidence of malnutrition in adolescents.
Methods: The design study was cross sectional study conducted in MTS Model 1 Limboto State. Sampling was used an accidental sampling technique with 251 adolescents. Research variables were included nutritional status, socioeconomic status, knowledge, attitudes, and nutritional behavior. Analysis of the association between variables using the chi square test with a value α = 0.05. The results showed as many as 10.0% of adolescents were stunted, 23.5% of adolescents were obese, 72.5% low nutritional knowledge, 41.8% negative balanced nutrition attitudes and 45.4% poor balanced nutrition behavior. Analysis chi square test was showed the father education related to the incidence of stunting in adolescents (p = 0.001) , but analysis of social economy with the incidence of stunting and obesity in adolescent respectively maternal education (p = 0.051 and p=0.647), mother occupation (p = 0.385 and p = 0.206), family income (p = 1,000 and p = 0.061), caregivers (p = 0.496 and p = 0.525), number of siblings (p = 0.131 and p = 0.903), gender (p = 0.298 and p = 1,000), nutrition knowledge (p = 0.767 and p = 0.447), attitudes (p = 0.656 and p = 0.805) and nutrition behavior (p = 1,000 and p = 0.268) were not related to the incidence of stunting and obesity in adolescents.
Conclusion: It was concluded that socioeconomic factors namely father education were signiﬁ cantly related to the incidence of stunting in adolescents.

KEYWORDS: attitude: behavior: knowledge: malnutrition: social economy

Keywords

malnutrisi; pengetahuan; perilaku; sikap; sosial ekonomi; attitude; behavior; knowledge; malnutrition; social economy

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21927/ijnd.2020.8(1).9-21