Factors causing increased interdialytic weight gain in chronic kidney disease patients followed by hemodialysis

Ayatussholikhah Qurrota A’yun; Windi Indah Fajar Ningsih; Feranita Utama; Sari Bema Ramdika

doi:10.21927/ijnd.2024.12(6).%p

Factors causing increased interdialytic weight gain in chronic kidney disease patients followed by hemodialysis

Ayatussholikhah Qurrota A’yun, Windi Indah Fajar Ningsih, Feranita Utama, Sari Bema Ramdika

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Gagal ginjal kronis bersifat irreversible akibat kerusakan baik strukur maupun fungsinya yang berlangsung tiga bulan atau lebih. Salah satu terapi penunjang pada pasien gagal ginjal kronis adalah hemodialisa. Permasalah yang sering muncul pada pasein hemodialisa adalah kenaikan berat badan di antara dua waktu dialisis atau Interdialytic Weight Gain (IDWG) yang berlebih dan akan memiliki dampak pada kualitas Kesehatan pasien.

Tujuan: Mengetahui faktor internal dan eksteral yang dapat menyebabkan IDWG. Faktor internal yaitu meliputi usia, jenis kelamin, tingkat stress, rasa haus, dan riwayat pendidikan. Faktor eksternal yaitu dukungan keluarga, jumlah asupan cairan, lama telah menjalankan hemodialisa, asupan energi, dan asupan protein.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan desain cross sectional. sebanyak 57 sampel yang dipilih secara purposive sampling menyetujui ikut serta dalam penelitian. Uji statistik dilakukan dengan chi square.

Hasil: Hasil menunjukkan mayoritas responden dewasa (75,4%), perempuan (59,6%), stress ringan (61,4%), rasa haus sedang (40,4%), riwayat pendidikan rendah (73,7%), asupan cairan lebih (59,6%), dukungan keluarga yang baik (49,1%), hemodialisa <12 bulan (66,7%), asupan energi tidak sesuai (82,5%), asupan protein tidak sesuai (89,5%). Hasil dari uji statistik didapatkan tidak ada hubungan antara usia (p = 0,827), jenis kelamin (p = 0,925), riwayat pendidikan (p = 1,000), lama telah menjalankan hemodialisa (p = 0,343), asupan energi (p = 1,000), dan asupan protein (p = 1,000) dengan IDWG. Namun, terdapat hubungan signifikan antara tingkat stress (p = 0,027), rasa haus (p = 0,027), asupan cairan (p = 0,014), dukungan keluarga (p = 0,038) dengan IDWG pada pasien gagal ginjal kronis dengan hemodialisa di RSUP. Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang.

Kesimpulan: Faktor yang berhubungan dengan IDWG adalah stress, rasa haus, asupan cairan dan dukungan keluarga. Faktor yang tidak berhubungan dengan kejadian IDWG adalah usia, jenis kelamin, riwayat pendidikan, lama telah menjalankan hemodialisa, asupan energi dan asupan protein.

KATA KUNCI: interdialytic weight gain; hemodialisa; faktor penyebab

ABSTRACT

Background: Chronic kidney failure is irreversible due to damage to both its structure and function that lasts three months or more. One of the supporting therapies for patients with chronic kidney failure is hemodialysis. A problem that often arises in hemodialysis patients is excessive weight gain between two times of dialysis or Interdialytic Weight Gain (IDWG) which will have an impact on the quality of the patient's health.

Objectives: To determine the factors that cause an increase in IDWG consisting of internal and external factors. Internal factors are age, sex, stress, thirst, and education history. External factors are family support, fluid intake, duration of hemodialysis, energy intake, and protein intake.

Methods: This research was a descriptive analytical study with a cross sectional design. A total of 57 samples selected by purposive sampling agreed to take part in the research. Statistical tests were carried out using chi square.

Results: The results showed that the majority of respondents were adults (75.4%), female (59.6%), mild stress (61.4%), moderate thirst (40.4%), low education (73.7%), higher fluid intake (59.6%), family support (49.1%), hemodialysis <12 months (66.7%), inadequate energy intake (82,5%), inadequate protein intake (89,5%). The results of statistical tests found no relationship between age (p = 0.827), sex (p = 0.925), education history (p = 1,000), time on hemodialysis (p = 0.343), energy intake (p = 1,000), and protein intake (p = 1.000) with IDWG. However, there were a significant relationship between stress level (p = 0.027), thirst (p = 0.027), fluid intake (p = 0.014), family support (p = 0.038) with IDWG in chronic kidney disease patients with hemodialysis at RSUP. Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang.

Conclusions: Factors associated with IDWG were level, thirst, fluid intake and family support. Factors that were not associated with the incidence of IDWG were age, gender, education history, length of hemodialysis, energy intake and protein intake.

KEYWORDS: interdialytic weight gain; chronic kidney disease; hemodialysis; factors causing

Received: Nov 22, 2024; Revised: Nov 12 2024; Accepted: Nov 20, 2024; Available online: Nov 30, 2024; Published: Nov 30, 2024.

Keywords

interdialytic weight gain; hemodialisa; faktor penyebab; interdialytic weight gain; chronic kidney disease; hemodialysis; factors causing

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21927/ijnd.2024.12(6).%25p