Effectiveness of education packages (edukersa) to increase readiness for exclusive breastfeeding in prenatal mothers: Precede-proceed models

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Latar belakang: Indonesia masih menghadapi tantangan besar terkait pemberian ASI eksklusif. Proporsi ASI eksklusif hanya mencapai 37,3%. Para ibu belum menganggap kegagalan pemberian ASI eksklusif sebagai masalah kesehatan. Perlu adanya upaya untuk mengubah pengetahuan dan perilaku ibu.

Tujuan: Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pendidikan komprehensif prenatal (Edukersa) terhadap kesiapan pengetahuan, kemampuan ibu dan kesiapan dukungan keluarga terhadap ASI eksklusif.

Metode: Penelitian quasi eksperimen dengan intervensi Edukersa Preceded-Proceed Model, untuk melihat kesiapan pengetahuan ibu, kesiapan kemampuan ibu dan kesiapan dukungan keluarga. Populasi seluruh Ibu Hamil Trimester III. Sampel adalah jumlah populasi yang memenuhi kriteria sebanyak 80 ibu hamil. Pengumpulan data sebelum dan sesudah intervensi dilakukan dengan wawancara. Analisis data secara deskriptif dan uji t data berpasangan.

Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada kondisi awal, aspek pengetahuan mempunyai skor rata-rata yang rendah (1,88). Keinginan ibu terhadap ASI eksklusif sangat tinggi (2,99). Kesiapan keterampilan masih rendah (1,56) dan kesiapan dukungan keluarga cukup baik (2,39). Seluruh aspek kesiapan pada akhir kegiatan pendidikan hampir mencapai skor maksimal (3,00). Model Edukersa terbukti secara signifikan (95%CI) mampu meningkatkan kesiapan pengetahuan ibu (p=0.000), kesiapan keterampilan ibu (p=0.000) dan kesiapan dukungan keluarga/suami/orang terdekat (p=0.023) ibu dalam mewujudkan ASI eksklusif.

Kesimpulan: Metode edukersa merupakan bagian dari solusi penyiapan ibu hamil sebagai langkah menuju ibu ASI eksklusif yang sukses di Kota Cirebon.

KATA KUNCI : ASI-Eksklusif; ibu hamil; model-edukersa; pra persalinan; precede-proceed models

ABSTRACT

Background: Indonesia is still facing big challenges related to exclusive breastfeeding (EBF). The proportion of  EBF only reached 37.3%. Mothers have not considered a failure of exclusive breastfeeding as a health problem. Efforts are needed to change the knowledge and behavior of mothers.

Objectives: the research was to determine the effect of the prenatal comprehensive education model (Edukersa) on knowledge readiness, mother's ability and family support readiness for EBF.

Methode: Quasi-experimental research with the Edukersa Model intervention Preceded-Proceed Models, to see the readiness of mother's knowledge, readiness of mother's ability and readiness of family support. The population of all Trimester III Pregnant Women. The sample is the total population that meets the criteria of 80 pregnant women. Data collection before and after the intervention was carried out by interview. Data analysis was descriptive and paired data t-test.

Results: The results showed that in the initial conditions, the knowledge aspect had a low mean score (1.88). The desire of mothers for EBF is very high (2.99). Skill readiness is still low (1.56) and family support readiness is quite good (2.39). All aspects of readiness at the end of educational activities almost reached a maximum score (3.00). The Edukersa model is significantly (95%CI) proven to be able to increase mothers' knowledge readiness (p=0.000), mothers' skills readiness (p=0.000) and family/husband/closest person support readiness (p=0.023) for mothers to realize EBF.

Conclusion: method edukersa is part of the solution for preparing prenatal mothers as a step towards successful EBF mothers in Cirebon City.

KEYWORDS: Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF); pregnant women: model-edukersa; prenatal; precede-proceed models

Received: 14 Jan 2024; Revised: 08 July 2024; Accepted: 05 Mar 2025; Available online: 30 May 2025; Published: 31 Mar 2025.