Predisposing, supporting and reinforcing factors of stunting risk: A case-control study

Rotua Sitorus; Dewi Sartika Munthe; Lidya Natalia Br Sinuhaji; Tetti Seriati Situmorang; Samsider Sitorus

doi:10.21927/ijnd.2023.11(1).11-21

Predisposing, supporting and reinforcing factors of stunting risk: A case-control study

Rotua Sitorus, Dewi Sartika Munthe, Lidya Natalia Br Sinuhaji, Tetti Seriati Situmorang, Samsider Sitorus

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: Pemerintah Indonesia telah menetapkan stunting sebagai isu prioritas nasional dalam Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Nasional (RPJMN) dengan target penurunan stunting yang signifikan sebesar 14% pada tahun 2024.

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membahas prevalensi terkini dan mengungkap faktor risiko terbesar kasus stunting di kota Medan dengan metode kuantitatif dengan desain case-control. Kasus stunting tertinggi di Kota Medan terdapat di Puskesmas Kecamatan Medan Tembung yaitu 442 anak dari 6.603 anak balita.

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kasus-kontrol. Data diperoleh dengan teknik purposive sampling. Data populasi adalah 442 ibu balita stunting yang terdiri dari 30 ibu sebagai kasus dan 30 ibu sebagai kontrol. Data dianalisis dengan analisis univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat.

Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan (p = 0,034), tindakan (p = 0,033), sikap (p = 0,029), dukungan kader (p = 0,027), pendapatan keluarga (p = 0,019), dan dukungan keluarga (p = 0,008). ) berpengaruh pada ibu yang berisiko melahirkan balita stunting. Dukungan keluarga yang buruk sebagai faktor dominan memiliki risiko 12,6 kali ibu melahirkan balita stunting.

Kesimpulan: Kajian ini menyarankan agar Dinas Kesehatan Kota Medan memperkuat koordinasi lintas sektoral antara pemerintah kecamatan, puskesmas, dan kelurahan secara bersama-sama dan berkomitmen untuk menurunkan angka kejadian stunting di Kota Medan.

KATA KUNCI: dukungan Keluarga; faktor risiko; Kota Medan; stunting

ABSTRACT

Background: The Indonesian government has designated stunting as a national priority issue in the National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) with a target of a significant stunting reduction to be 14 % in 2024.

Objectives: This research aims to address the recent prevalence and to reveal the most risk factor of stunting cases in Medan city with a quantitative method with a case-control design. The highest cases of stunting in Medan city were found at the Public Health Center in Medan Tembung district, namely 442 children out of 6,603 children under five.

Methods: This study used a case-control design. Data were obtained by the purposive sampling technique. The population data was 442 mothers with stunting toddlers consisting of 30 mothers as cases and 30 as controls. Data were analyzed by univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses.

Results: The results showed that knowledge (p = 0.034), actions (p = 0.033), attitudes (p = 0.029), cadre support (p = 0.027), family income (p = 0.019), and family support (p = 0.008) had an effect on mothers at risk of giving birth to stunting toddlers. As the dominant factor, poor family support had a 12.6 times higher risk of mothers giving birth to stunted toddlers.

Conclusions: This study suggests that the Health Services in Medan city must strengthen the cross-sectoral coordination between sub-district administrations, health centers, and villages jointly and commit to reducing the incidence of stunting in Medan city.

KEYWORD: family support; risk factor; Medan city; stunting

Keywords

dukungan Keluarga; faktor risiko; Kota Medan; stunting; family support; risk factor; Medan city; stunting

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21927/ijnd.2023.11(1).11-21