Positive body image affect body mass index among high school

Widya Lionita; Fatmalina Febry; Yeni Anna Appulembang; Rini Angraini

doi:10.21927/ijnd.2020.8(3).118-123

Positive body image affect body mass index among high school

Widya Lionita, Fatmalina Febry, Yeni Anna Appulembang, Rini Angraini

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: Remaja putri berisiko untuk mengalami kekurangan energi kronik yang dikaitkan dengan pemahaman konsep diri. Perubahan fisik pada remaja, khususnya berat dan tinggi badan, cenderung diartikan negatif sehingga dikhawatirkan dapat mempengaruhi status gizi remaja putri pada fase kehidupan selanjutnya.

Tujuan: Penelitian bertujuan menggambarkan persepsi citra tubuh dan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) serta menganalisis hubungan antara dua variabel tersebut.

Metode: Penelitian menggunakan desain potong lintang. Responden merupakan pelajar kelas X dan XI dari 4 sekolah di kota Palembang dan dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dan pengukuran IMT. Data dianalisis dengan uji chi-square dari aplikasi SPSS.

Hasil: Responden berjumlah 138 orang dan berumur 13 – 17 tahun. Lebih dari 50 persen responden memiliki IMT tidak normal (IMT kurang dan berlebih). Tetapi, Sebagian besar mempersepsikan citra tubuhnya secara positif (54,35%). Persepsi citra tubuh yang negatif lebih banyak dimiliki oleh responden yang memiliki IMT pada kategori normal. Analisis bivariat membuktikan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara persepsi citra tubuh dan IMT (p=0,046). Semakin negatif persepsi remaja putri tentang citra tubuh yang dimilikinya, maka semakin besar kemungkinan IMT-nya tergolong tidak normal.

Kesimpulan: Citra tubuh yang positif dapat mempengaruhi status gizi remaja putri, khususnya IMT. Sebuah intervensi psikologi dan promosi kesehatan diperlukan untuk memfasilitasi remaja putri mengenali diri sendiri serta diberikan kemampuan untuk memilih asupan gizi yang baik bagi kesehatannya. KATA

KUNCI: citra tubuh; indeks massa tubuh; persepsi; remaja putri; sekolah menengah atas

ABSTRACT

Background: Female adolescents have a risk on experiencing chronic deficiency of energy linked with understanding of self-concept. Adolescent’ physical changes, especially weight and height, tend to be perceived negatively, so it is worried that they could affect the nutritional status of them in the next phase of life.

Objectives: This study aims to describe the perception of body image and Body Mass index (BMI) and to analyze the relationship between the two variables.

Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design. Respondents were students of first and second grade of four senior high schools in Palembang and were selected by purposive sampling techniques. Data were collected using questionnaires and BMI measurements. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test of SPPS application.

Results: Number of respondents was 138 high school girls aged 13 – 17 years. More than 50 percent of respondents have abnormal BMI (underweight and overweight). However, most of them perceived their body image positively (54.35%). The perception of negative body image is mostly owned by respondents with normal BMI. Bivariate analysis proved that there was a significant relationship between perceived body image and BMI (p=0.046) The more negative girl’s perception of her body image, the more likely her BMI is classified as abnormal.

Conclusions: A positive body image can affect the nutritional status of female adolescents, especially BMI. A psychological intervention and health promotion is needed to facilitate them to identify themselves and be given the ability to choose nutrition intake that is good for their health.

KEYWORDS: body image; body mass index; girl; high school; perception

Keywords

citra tubuh; indeks massa tubuh; persepsi; remaja putri; sekolah menengah atas; body image; body mass index; girl; high school; perception

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21927/ijnd.2020.8(3).118-123