Antidiabetic effect of Centella asiatica extract (whole plant) in streptozotocin nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats

Arwin Muhlishoh; Brian Wasita; Adi Magna Patriado Nuhriawangsa

doi:10.21927/ijnd.2018.6(1).14-22

Antidiabetic effect of Centella asiatica extract (whole plant) in streptozotocin nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats

Arwin Muhlishoh, Brian Wasita, Adi Magna Patriado Nuhriawangsa

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Latar belakang: Pegagan (Centella asiatica) telah digunakan untuk pengobatan diabetes mellitus. Namun dosis efek anti diabetes ini belum diteliti.

Tujuan: Untuk menguji pengaruh variasi dosis ekstrak pegagan (seluruh bagian tanaman) terhadap kadar gula darah, asupan makanan, dan berat badan pada tikus model diabetes mellitus yang diinduksi Streptozotocin Nicotinamide.

Metode: Tiga puluh enam tikus Wistar jantan dibagi menjadi enam kelompok perlakuan berbeda: kontrol negatif, kontrol positif, kontrol obat (metformin 45 mg/KgBB/hari), ekstrak pegagan 300 mg/KgBB/hari, 600 mg/KgBB/hari, 1200 mg / KgBB / hari. Pemberian ekstrak pegagan (seluruh bagian tanaman) dan metformin dilakukan selama 28 hari. Kadar gula darah dianalisis menggunakan Glucose Oxidase Phenol Aminoantipyrina Peroxidase (GOD-PAP) sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan. Berat badan dan asupan makanan diukur setiap satu minggu. Data dianalisis menggunakan One Way ANOVA dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%.

Hasil: Pemberian variasi dosis ekstrak pegagan dan metformin secara signifikan menurunkan kadar gula darah, meningkatkan berat badan dan memperbaiki asupan makanan (p = 0,00). Kadar gula darah dan asupan makanan pada kelompok ekstrak pegagan (seluruh bagian tanaman) dosis tinggi (1200 mg / KgBB / hari) lebih baik dibanding kelompok dosis rendah (300 mg / KgBB / hari) dan kelompok dosis sedang (600 mg / hari), dan memiliki efek yang sama dengan tikus yang diobati dengan metformin 45 mg / KgBB / hari.

Kesimpulan: Dosis tinggi ekstrak pegagan (1200 mg/KgBB/hari) memiliki efek anti-diabetes yang lebih baik dibanding dosis lain, dan memiliki efek yang sama dengan kontrol obat.

KATA KUNCI: gula darah, diabetes, pegagan, Streptozotocin nicotinamide

ABSTRACT

Background: Centella asiatica has been used for healing diabetes mellitus. The dosage of this anti diabetic effect was yet to be explored.

Objectives: To examine the effect of the variation in the dosage of C. asiatica extract (whole plant) on blood glucose levels, food intake, and body weight in Streptozotocin Nicotinamide induced diabetic rats.

Methods: Thirty-six male Wistar rat were divided into six different groups of treatments: negative control, positive control, medication control (metformin 45 mg/KgBW/day), extract of C. asiatica 300 mg/KgBW/day, 600 mg/KgBW/day, 1200 mg/KgBW/day. Treatments of C. asiatica extract (whole plant) and metformin was done for 28 days. Blood glucose was analyzed using the Glucose Oxidase Phenol Aminoantipyrina Peroxidase (GOD-PAP) before and after treatment. Body weight and food intake were measured every one week. The data were analyzed using One Way ANOVA with 95% confidence level.

Results: The administration of the variation in the dosage of C. asiatica extract and metformin significantly decrease blood glucose levels, increase body weight and improve food intake (p =0.00). Blood glucose level and food intake among high dosage of C. asiatica extract (whole plant) group (1200 mg/KgBW/day) is better than the low dosage group (300 mg/KgBW/day) and moderate dosage group (600 mg/KgBW/ day), and have the same effect with the rats treated with metformin 45 mg/KgBW/day.

Conclusion: High dosage of C. asiatica extract (1200 mg/KgBW/day) had a better anti-diabetic effe than other dosages, and had the same effect with the medication control.

KEYWORDS: blood glucose, Centella asiatica, diabetes, nicotinamide, Streptozotocin

Keywords

gula darah; diabetes; pegagan; Streptozotocin nicotinamide; blood glucose; Centella asiatica; diabetes; nicotinamide; Streptozotocin

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21927/ijnd.2018.6(1).14-22