A Quasi-Experimental Study: the effectiveness of hypnolactation and breast massage as a holistic care model to enhance maternal motivation in exclusive breastfeeding

Mudy Oktiningrum; Desi Soraya; Sri Hartini

doi:10.21927/jnki.2025.13(4).485-496

A Quasi-Experimental Study: the effectiveness of hypnolactation and breast massage as a holistic care model to enhance maternal motivation in exclusive breastfeeding

Mudy Oktiningrum, Desi Soraya, Sri Hartini

Abstract

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding for infants aged 0–6 months provides major health benefits, yet many mothers struggle to maintain it due to low motivation. “Hypnolactation,” which combines hypnosis to build confidence and reduce anxiety, with lactation massage to stimulate milk flow, may serve as an effective holistic care interve

ntion.

Objectives: This study develops an innovative holistic care model incorporating hypnolactation and lactation massage to enhance maternal motivation for exclusive breastfeeding.

Methods: This quasi-experimental study used a pretest–posttest control group design with 42 postpartum mothers at Kagok Health Center, Semarang (March–December 2024). Data were collected using a validated breastfeeding motivation questionnaire and observation sheets. Statistical analysis employed the Wilcoxon test and the independent t-test.

Results: Both hypnolactation (Z = –2.33, p = 0.02) and lactation massage (Z = –2.00, p = 0.046) significantly improved maternal motivation, with hypnolactation showing greater effectiveness

Conclusions: The findings demonstrate that the holistic care model combining hypnolactation and lactation massage significantly improves maternal motivation for exclusive breastfeeding. This intervention effectively addresses psychological barriers such as anxiety and lack of confidence while also providing physical comfort that facilitates the breastfeeding process. Future studies should expand the sample size and evaluate the long-term impact on exclusive breastfeeding success up to six months.

Keywords

holistic care; hypnolactation; lactation massage; mother motivation; breastfeeding

Full Text:

PDF

References

World Health Organization. Breastfeeding. Geneva: WHO; 2024. Available from: https://www.who.int/health-topics/breastfeeding.

UNICEF. Global Breastfeeding Scorecard 2024. New York: UNICEF; 2024. Available from:https://knowledge.unicef.org/child-nutrition-and-development/resource/global breastfeeding-scorecard-2024

SSGI 2023: https://www.badankebijakan.kemkes.go.id/daftar-frequently-asked-question-seputar-hasil-utama-ski-2023/hasil-utama-ski-2023/

Badan Kebijakan Pembangunan Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Hasil Utama Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) 2023. Jakarta: BKPK Kemenkes; 2023. Available from: https://www.badankebijakan.kemkes.go.id/hasil-ski-2023/

Huang R, Luo X, Zhou Y, et al. Using the Theory of Planned Behavior model to predict exclusive breastfeeding behavior among preterm mothers: a prospective study. Frontiers in Psychology. 2023;14:1228769. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1228769

Daglı E, Çakır H, Özer G. Effects of online hypno-breastfeeding and solution-focused psychoeducation on breastfeeding motivation and perception of insufficient milk: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Perinatal and Neonatal Nursing. 2024;38(2):e79–e89. (PubMed PMID: 37917809). https://doi.org/10.1080/07399332.2023.2244903

Sanadi, K., Mayangsari, D., & Mujahidah, S. Enhancing lactation through oxytocin massage and breast care. 2025 Journal of Midwivery, 1(1), n.p. https://doi.org/10.63425/ljmw.v1i1.35

Nurfazirah.Pengaruh Teknik Pijat Oketani Terhadap Produksi Air Susu Ibu (ASI) pada Ibu Post Partum Di Ruang Edelweis Rumah Sakit Umum Daerag (RSUD) Kota Cilegon Tahun 2023. Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan. Https://doi.org/10.55606/klinik.v1i2.2114

Proverawati, Irawati.Kapita Selekta ASI dan Menyusui. Yogyakarta : Nuha Medika. 2023

Fikri LH, et al. Hypnotherapy influence on maternal psychological outcomes and exclusive breastfeeding behaviour: an experimental study. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research. 2024; (online ahead of print). (PubMed PMID: 38241176). https://doi.org/10.1080/00029157.2023.2293288

Putri MDY, Zahra T. Relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and infant motor development: a scoping review. Lentera Perawat. 2024;6(2):480. https://doi.org/10.52235/lp.v6i2.480

Rahayu YS, Rismayanti T. The effect of providing rolling massage to postpartum mothers on breast milk ejection at PMB Ruri Cisauk. International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP). 2023;4(2):334. https://doi.org/10.51601/ijhp.v4i2.334

Ardiana A, Kusumaningrum D, Widyaningsih S. Effectiveness of hypnobreastfeeding in improving maternal motivation and reducing anxiety during lactation. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2025;25(3):114–122 https://doi.org/:10.1111/jmwh 13742

Rasyidah N, Lestari F, Mulyani T. Online hypnobreastfeeding sessions improve self-efficacy and perceived milk adequacy among postpartum mothers. Asian Nursing Research.2024;18(1):55-62, https://doi.org/2024;18(1):55–62

Pratiwi D, Astuti R, Setyaningsih M. Effect of lactation massage on milk volume and initiation time among postpartum mothers. Midwifery. https://doi.org/2024;130:103764.

Nami H, Okuda S, Ishikawa M. Combined breast massage and emotional support increase oxytocin and prolactin levels in working postpartum women. Frontiers in Public Health. 2024;12:1452381:https://doi.org/2024;12:1452381.

Lestari W, Dewi N, Hidayat R. Relationship between maternal motivation and exclusive breastfeeding duration in Indonesia. International Journal of Women’s Health Midwifery. 2023;7(4), 211–220 https://doi.org/2023;7(4):211–220.

Seruni N, Wahyuni D. Maternal motivation and exclusive breastfeeding success: a correlational study. 2019;11(2):78-85. Midwifery Journal Indonesia. https://doi.org/2019;11(2):78–85.

Bancin LJ, Siagian JM, Sitorus J, Darina S, Perlindungan A. Systematic literature review: exclusive breastfeeding and stunting – a preventive approach for health policy. Jurnal administrasi Kesehatan Indonesia 2025;13(1):110-124 https://doi.org/10.20473/jaki.v13i1.2025.110-124

Kusumaningrum D, Rahayu E, Mulyati R. Self-efficacy and perceived control as predictors of breastfeeding adherence: application of the Theory of Planned Behavior. Women's Birth.2024;37(2):153-161. https://doi.org/2024;37(2):153–161.

Han Y, Lee S, Park H. Application of the Health Belief Model to predict breastfeeding continuation among postpartum women. International Breastfeeding Journal. 2023;18(1):22-31. https://doi.org/2023;18(1):22–31.

Sanadi K, Mayangsari D, Mujahidah S. Enhancing lactation through oxytocin massage and breast care. Journal of Midwifery. 2023;1(1):35. https://doi.org/10.63425/ljmw.v1i1.35

Alifiani G, Astutik LP, Meyasa L. Hypnobreastfeeding increases breast milk production in postpartum mothers. Journal Kebidanan Malakbi. 2024;5(2). https://doi.org/975.10.33490/bv5i2.975

Handayani, NNS, Rosmiyati R, Iqmy LO. The effect of hypno-breastfeeding and oxytocin massage on breast milk production in postpartum mothers in Central Lampung Regency, 2023. J Kebidanan Malahayati. 2023;9(4):11735. https://doi.org/10.33024/jkmv9i411735

Sanadi, K., Mayangsari, D., & Mujahidah, S. Enhancing lactation through oxytocin massage and breast care. 2025 Journal of Midwivery, 1(1),. https://doi.org/10.63425/ljmw.v1i1.35

Rahmawati F, Sari DP, Nurjanah E. Effect of hypnolactation on maternal confidence and exclusive breastfeeding duration: a quasi-experimental study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2024;24(1):189-197.https://doi.org/2024;24(1):189-197

Handayani S, Putri YA, Lestari R. Integrative holistic care and breastfeeding success: evidence from midwifery practice in Indonesia. Front Public Health.2023;11:1342192 https://doi.org/2023;11:1342192.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21927/jnki.2025.13(4).485-496