Perebusan dan penumisan menurunkan kandungan beta karoten dalam wortel
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21927/ijnd.2013.1(3).164-168Abstrak
ABSTRACT
Background: Carrot is included in high beta carotene vegetable. Therefore, there were limited studies about the effect of cooking on nutrient content. Beta carotene found in carrots are provitamin A carotenoids that have strong antioxidant activity.
Objectives: To determine the amount of beta carotene in carrots treated with two different cooking methods, that were, boiling and sautéing.
Methods: A posttest–only control group design was used for this study. Samples of this study were local carrots varieties, and were selected by quota sampling. The carrots were divided into three groups, with fresh carrots (n=6) as control groups, and boiled carrots (n=6) and sautéed carrots (n=6) as treatment groups. Beta carotenes were extracted using petroleum ether-acetone solvents. They were separated by using column chromatography and measured by spectrophotometer at wave length 450nm. Data collected were analyzed with one way anova followed by post hoc tests duncan, independent t-test, and
paired t-test.
Results: The level of beta carotene between fresh carrots, boiled carrots, and sauteed carrots have significant difference with p=0.013 (anova, p<0.05), whereas the level of beta carotene in boiled carrots and sauteed carrots have no significantly difference with p=0.376 (independent t-test, p>0.05). However,
there is a significant decrease in the level of beta carotene in beginning and end groups from the boiling method with p=0.027, and the level of beta carotene in beginning and end groups from the sauteing method have a signifi cant decrease with p=0.020 (paired t-test, p<0.05).
Conclusions: Boiling and sauteing decreased beta carotene levels in carrots.
KEYWORDS: beta carotene, boiling, carrot, sauteeing
ABSTRAK
Latar belakang: Wortel termasuk dalam sayuran dengan kandungan beta karoten yang tinggi. Walaupun demikian, studi mengenai pengaruh pemasakan terhadap kandungan gizinya masih terbatas. Beta karoten merupakan salah satu jenis karotenoid provitamin A dan berperan sebagai antioksidan kuat yang sangat bermanfaat bagi proses metabolisme yang terjadi pada tubuh manusia.
Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui perbedaan kandungan beta karoten pada wortel yang diolah dengan perebusan dan penumisan.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental rancangan acak lengkap. Desain penelitian ini adalah the posttest-only control group design. Populasi dan sampelnya adalah wortel varietas lokal. Sampel dipilih dengan cara kuota sampling untuk dibagi dalam tiga kelompok, yaitu wortel mentah (n=6) sebagai kelompok kontrol, sedangkan kelompok perlakuan adalah wortel yang direbus dengan air (n=6) dan wortel yang ditumis dengan minyak goreng (n=6). Variabel yang diukur adalah kandungan beta karoten pada masing-masing kelompok menggunakan kromatografi kolom dan spektrofotometri pada panjang gelombang 450 nm. Analisis data menggunakan oneway anova dilanjutkan dengan post hoc tests duncan, uji independent t-test, dan paired t-test.
Hasil: Kandungan beta karoten antara wortel mentah, direbus, dan ditumis berbeda secara signifikan yaitu p=0,013 (anova, p<0,05). Kandungan beta karoten pada wortel direbus tidak berbeda secara signifikan dengan wortel ditumis yaitu p=0,376 (uji independent t-test, p> 0,05). Terbukti adanya perbedaan kandungan beta karoten pada kelompok awal dan akhir dari teknik pengolahan perebusan menurun secara signifikan yaitu p=0,027, sedangkan kandungan beta karoten awal dan akhir dari teknik pengolahan penumisan menurun secara signifikan yaitu p=0,020 (uji paired t-test, p<0,05).
Kesimpulan: Perebusan dan penumisan berpengaruh terhadap penurunan kandungan beta karoten dalam wortel.
KATA KUNCI: beta karoten, perebusan, penumisan, wortel
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