Konsumsi unhealthy food sebagai faktor risiko obesitas pada balita di Puskesmas Jetis, Kota Yogyakarta
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21927/ijnd.2015.3(3).155-161Keywords:
unhealthy food, obesity, toddler, obesitas, balitaAbstract
ABSTRACT
Background: The prevalence of overweight and obesity increased from year to year in both developed and developing countries. Obesity that occurs in infants can be caused by over eating or today’s lifestyle that tends to consume fast food or unhealthy food.
Objectives: To determine whether unhealthy food consumption was the risk factor of obesity in children at Jetis Health Centre, Yogyakarta.
Methods: This study is a case-control study. The population consisted of children aged 24-59 months in the region of Jetis Health Centre, Yogyakarta. There were 51 obese children and 51 non-obese children in Jetis in 2015. The cases were children aged 24-59 months diagnosed obese (z-score weight/height ≥3SD), while controls were children aged 24-59 months with z-score <3SD. The samples were obtained using a simple random sampling technique. Chi-square were used to determine unhealthy food consumption as a risk factor for obesity in children.
Results: Toddlers consumed unhealty food > 32 times/week tended to obese 4.26 times higher than they who did not consume < 32 times/week (p=0.001, OR=4.26, 95% Cl: 1.26-10.3).
Conclusions: Toddler who consumed unhealthy food > 32 times/week had the risk to obese 4.26 times higher than they who did not.
KEYWORDS: unhealthy food, obesity, toddler
ABSTRAK
Latar belakang: Prevalensi kegemukan dan obesitas dari tahun ketahun meningkat baik di negara maju maupun berkembang. Obesitas yang terjadi pada balita dapat diakibatkan karena makan melebihi kebutuhan atau gaya hidup masa kini yang cenderung suka mengonsumsi makanan cepat saji atau unhealthy food.
Tujuan: Mengetahui konsumsi unhealthy food sebagai faktor risiko obesitas pada balita di Puskesmas Jetis, Yogyakarta.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kasus kontrol. Populasi terdiri dari balita berusia 24-59 bulan di wilayah Puskesmas Jetis Yogyakarta sebanyak 702 balita dimana 62 balita obesitas dan 640 balita tidak obesitas. Jumlah sampel setelah dilakukan penghitungan jumlah sampel didapatkan 51 balita obesitas (z score ≥ 3 SD) dan 51 balita tidak obesitas (z score < 3 SD). Kasus adalah balita usia 24-59 bulan yang didiagnosa obesitas dengan z score BB/TB ≥3SD, kontrol adalah balita usia 24-59 bulan Z score <3SD. Penentuan sampel diperoleh menggunakan simple random sampling. Alat ukur dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner food frequency- questionnaire (FFQ) untuk menghitung konsumsi unhealthy food. Data status gizi balita diperoleh dari catatan status gizi balita di Puskesmas Jetis. Uji statistik menggunakan chi-square untuk menentukan hubungan konsumsi unhealthy food sebagai faktor risiko obesitas pada balita.
Hasil: Balita yang mengonsumsi unhealthy food ≥32x/minggu cenderung memiliki risiko 4,26 kali lebih tinggi daripada balita yang mengonsumsi unhealthy food <32x/minggu (p=0,001, OR=4,26, 95% CI:1,26-10,3)
Kesimpulan: Balita yang mengonsumsi unhealthy food ≥32x/minggu berisiko 4,26 kali lebih tinggi daripada balita yang mengonsumsi unhealthy food unhealthy food <32x/minggu.
KATA KUNCI: unhealthy food, obesitas, balita
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