POSITIVE EFFECT OF CHEWING GUM ON THE RECOVERY OF INTESTINAL PERISTALSIS IN POST-LAPAROTOMY PATIENTS
Abstract
Background: Laparotomy is an invasive treatment that involves surgery on the lining of the abdominal wall. The effect of laparatomy using general anesthesia is gastrointestinal motility and vomiting, and if it lasts more than 24 hours, and causes postoperative ileus (IPO). Various efforts are needed to accelerate the return of intestinal peristalsis in post laparatomy patients to accelerate flatus time, including developing independent nursing interventions for chewing gum.
Objective: This research examined how chewing gum affected intestinal peristalsis in Waras Wiris Hospital post-laparotomy patients.
Methods: This quantitative pre-experimental research used a one-group pre- and post-test design. This research sampled 90 postoperative laparatomy patients using purposive sampling.
Results: The mean digestive peristalsis increased from 0.001 to 16.27 following the intervention. Chewing gum affects intestinal peristalsis in post-laparatomy patients, according to the Paired T-Test test, which had a p value of 0.001. Gum may boost intestinal peristalsis after laparotomy.
Conclusion: This action is a non-invasive intervention and very effective. Nurses need to provide this nursing intervention to patients after laparatomyReferences
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21. Paramitha, Clarysa, P, & Warsono, W. Aplikasi Chewing Gum Dalam Meningkatkan Bising Usus Post-Laparatomi: Studi Kasus." Ners Muda 6.1 (2025).
22. Singh S, Agarwal R, Singh P, Kalyanwat AS. Effect of Chewing Gum on Recovery of Intestinal Function after Caesarean Section. Int J Pharm Clin Res [Internet]. 2023;15(4):1358–63. Available from: http://impactfactor.org/PDF/IJPCR/15/IJPCR,Vol15,Issue4,Article179.pdf
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24. Khoiriyah AN, Mualifah L. Penerapan Mobilisasi Dini untuk Meningkatkan Peristaltik Usus Pada Pasien Post Operasi Kista Ovarium. Borobudur Nurs Rev. 2023;03(01):20–6.
25. Muhumuza, J., Molen, S. F., Bassara, G. N., Waziri, M. A., Kithinji, S. M., Sonye, K. M., ... & Lule, H. The effect of chewing gum on postoperative ileus after laparotomy for gastroduodenal perforations: a randomized controlled trial. BMC gastroenterology 25.1 (2025): 1-9.
26. Tuscharoenporn, T., Uruwankul, K., & Charoenkwan, K. Effects of postoperative gum chewing on recovery of gastrointestinal function following laparoscopic gynecologic surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Clinical Medicine 13.10, (2024): 2851.
27. Naili, N. K., Hakam, M., & Shodikin, M. Effectiveness of Chewing Gum Therapy as Prevention of Post-Operative Ileus (POI) in Post-Laparotomy Surgery Patients in the Mawar Room of RSD dr. Soebandi Jember. Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia 5. 1 (2025): 69-79.
28. Bhatti, S., Malik, Y. J., Changazi, S. H., Rahman, U. A., Malik, A. A., Butt, U. I., & Ayyaz, M. (2021). Role of chewing gum in reducing postoperative ileus after reversal of ileostomy: a randomized controlled trial. World journal of surgery, 45. (2021) :1066-1070.
29. Li N, Liu L, Sun M, Wang R, Jin W, Liu C, et al. Predominant role of gut-vagus-brain neuronal pathway in postoperative nausea and vomiting: evidence from an observational cohort study. BMC Anesthesiol [Internet]. 2021;21(1):1–9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12871-021-01449-9
30. Ya-Chuan, H. S. U., & Shu-Ying, S. Z. U. (2022). Effects of gum chewing on recovery from postoperative ileus: a randomized clinical trail. Journal of Nursing Research 30.5 (2022): e233
31. Damanik, C., Sinaga, S., & Rosalina, S. (2024). Gambaran kemampuan ambulasi dini post operasi pada pasien fraktur ekstremitas bawah di ruang perawatan bedah RSUD dr. Abdul Rivai Berau. J Keperawatan Wiyata 5.2 (2024): 55-61.
2. Fandinata SS, Lubada EI, Zulfa IM. Evaluasi Penggunaan Antibiotika Profilaksis Operasi Digestif Laparatomi di Rumah Sakit Kota Surabaya. J Syifa Sci Clin Res. 2022;4(1):41–9.
3. Kemenkes RI. Profil Kesehatan Indonesia 2021. Pusdatin.Kemenkes.Go.Id. 2022. Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.
4. Krismanto, J., & Jenie, I. M. Evaluasi Penggunaan Surgical Safety Checklist Terhadap Kematian Pasien Setelah Laparotomi Darurat Di Kamar Operasi. J of Telenursing (JOTING) 3.2 (2021): 390-400.
5. Risdayati R, Rayasari F, Badriah S. Analisa Faktor Waktu Pulih Sadar Pasien Post Laparatomi Anestesi Umum. J Keperawatan Silampari. 2021;4(2):480–6.
6. Karnina R, Salmah M. Hubungan Usia, Jenis Kelamin, Lama Operasi dan Status ASA dengan Kejadian PONV pada Pasien Pasca Operasi Laparatomi Bedah Digestif. Heal Med J. 2021;4(1):16–22.
7. Khanderia E, Aggarwal R, Bouras G, Patel V. Quality of life after emergency laparotomy: a systematic review. BMC Surg [Internet]. 2024;24(1):1–12. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12893-024-02337-y
8. Amir, Amira H., Matthew G. Davey, and Noel E. Donlon. "Evaluating the Impact of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Protocols following Emergency Laparotomy–A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Clinical Trials." The American J of Surg (2024): 115857.
9. Kokotovic D, Jensen TK. Acute abdominal pain and emergency laparotomy: bundles of care to improve patient outcomes. Br J Surg [Internet]. 2023;110(12):1594–6. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1093/bjs/znad224
10. Sholehah L. Pentingnya Pemberian Nutrisi Secara Dini Terhadap Pasien Post-Operasi Laparotomy Perforasi Ileus. J Ilm Kesehat Sandi Husada. 2021;10(2):423–30.
11. Febriani, Dila Arida, Dyah Widodo, and Taufan Arif. "Pengaruh Kombinasi Mengunyah Permen Karet dan Kompres Hangat Terhadap Pemulihan Peristaltik Usus Pada Pasien Post Operasi dengan General Anastesi." Nursing News: J Ilmiah Kep 9.1 (2025): 76-85.
12. Hsu YC, Szu SY. Effects of Gum Chewing on Recovery From Postoperative Ileus: A Randomized Clinical Trail. J Nurs Res. 2022;30(5):E233.
13. Djamaludin D, Chrisanto EY. Pengaruh mengunyah permen karet xylitol terhadap timbulnya motilitas usus pasca operasi dengan general anestesi. Holistik J Kesehat. 2021;15(1):48–55.
14. Basri AH, Sulistiyawati N. Pengaruh Mengunyah Permen Karet Terhadap Peristaltik Usus Post Appendiktomi. J Ners Community. 2018;09(01):43–53.
15. Short V, Herbert G, Perry R, Lewis SJ, Atkinson C, Ness AR, et al. Chewing gum for postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal function. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;2014(5).
16. R. G, Sagili H, G. R, T. P. E. Effect of chewing gum on bowel recovery following caesarean section: a randomized controlled trial. Int Surg J. 2020;7(11):3576.
17. Sitindaon SH, Nirnasari M. Pengaruh Mengunyah Permen Karet Terhadap Waktu Pertama Kali Flatus Pada Pasien Postoperasi Seksio Sesaria. J Keperawatan [Internet]. 2021;10(2):48–62. Available from: https://jurnal.stikesht-tpi.com/index.php/jurkep/article/view/191%0Ahttps://jurnal.stikesht-tpi.com/index.php/jurkep/article/download/191/157
18. Rahmadina AF, Hamarno R, Yuswanto TJA. Efektivitas Mobilisasi Dini, Kompres Hangat, dan Mengunyah Permen Karet Terhadap PemulihanPeristaltik Usus Pasien Post Operasi dengan General Anestesi di RSUD Dr. Soedomo Trenggalek. J Penelit Kesehat Suara Forikes. 2023;14(4):685–92.
19. Rohmani R, Borneo HK. Effect of chewing gum on postoperative ileus reduction and improving gastrointestinal motility in postoperative abdominal patients at Jayapura city hospital. Sci Midwifery. 2022;10(5):4299–305.
20. Sari, Y. I. P., Ekawaty, F., Mutmainnah, M., & Martawinarti, R. N. Kombinasi Chewing Gum dan Early Mobilization Terhadap Peningkatan Peristaltik Usus dan Flatus pada Pasien Post SC di RS Bhayangkara Jambi. J Akademika Baiturrahim Jambi 14.1 (2025): 141-150.
21. Paramitha, Clarysa, P, & Warsono, W. Aplikasi Chewing Gum Dalam Meningkatkan Bising Usus Post-Laparatomi: Studi Kasus." Ners Muda 6.1 (2025).
22. Singh S, Agarwal R, Singh P, Kalyanwat AS. Effect of Chewing Gum on Recovery of Intestinal Function after Caesarean Section. Int J Pharm Clin Res [Internet]. 2023;15(4):1358–63. Available from: http://impactfactor.org/PDF/IJPCR/15/IJPCR,Vol15,Issue4,Article179.pdf
23. Sitepu S desi EU, Sitepu AL, Simarmata PC, Anggrareni RF, Sipayung ST. Pengaruh Pemberian Mobilisasi Dini Terhadap Pemulihan Peristaltik Usus Pada Pasien Post Operasi Laparatomi Di Rumah Sakit Grandmed Lubuk Pakam. J Keperawatan dan Fisioter. 2021;4(1):57–63.
24. Khoiriyah AN, Mualifah L. Penerapan Mobilisasi Dini untuk Meningkatkan Peristaltik Usus Pada Pasien Post Operasi Kista Ovarium. Borobudur Nurs Rev. 2023;03(01):20–6.
25. Muhumuza, J., Molen, S. F., Bassara, G. N., Waziri, M. A., Kithinji, S. M., Sonye, K. M., ... & Lule, H. The effect of chewing gum on postoperative ileus after laparotomy for gastroduodenal perforations: a randomized controlled trial. BMC gastroenterology 25.1 (2025): 1-9.
26. Tuscharoenporn, T., Uruwankul, K., & Charoenkwan, K. Effects of postoperative gum chewing on recovery of gastrointestinal function following laparoscopic gynecologic surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Clinical Medicine 13.10, (2024): 2851.
27. Naili, N. K., Hakam, M., & Shodikin, M. Effectiveness of Chewing Gum Therapy as Prevention of Post-Operative Ileus (POI) in Post-Laparotomy Surgery Patients in the Mawar Room of RSD dr. Soebandi Jember. Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia 5. 1 (2025): 69-79.
28. Bhatti, S., Malik, Y. J., Changazi, S. H., Rahman, U. A., Malik, A. A., Butt, U. I., & Ayyaz, M. (2021). Role of chewing gum in reducing postoperative ileus after reversal of ileostomy: a randomized controlled trial. World journal of surgery, 45. (2021) :1066-1070.
29. Li N, Liu L, Sun M, Wang R, Jin W, Liu C, et al. Predominant role of gut-vagus-brain neuronal pathway in postoperative nausea and vomiting: evidence from an observational cohort study. BMC Anesthesiol [Internet]. 2021;21(1):1–9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12871-021-01449-9
30. Ya-Chuan, H. S. U., & Shu-Ying, S. Z. U. (2022). Effects of gum chewing on recovery from postoperative ileus: a randomized clinical trail. Journal of Nursing Research 30.5 (2022): e233
31. Damanik, C., Sinaga, S., & Rosalina, S. (2024). Gambaran kemampuan ambulasi dini post operasi pada pasien fraktur ekstremitas bawah di ruang perawatan bedah RSUD dr. Abdul Rivai Berau. J Keperawatan Wiyata 5.2 (2024): 55-61.
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