Bold risk behavior and involvement in commercial sex among adolescents: Systematic review

Nodeya Harda Putri, Asnawi Abdullah, Mainita Mainita

Abstract


Background: The prevalence of adolescent involvement in prostitution has grown in the millennial era, often driven by lifestyle demands, economic pressures, and environmental influences. Despite various preventive and repressive government efforts, the phenomenon persists, affecting adolescents' physical and mental health and posing significant risks to future generations.

Objectives: This study aims to explore the factors contributing to risky behaviors and adolescent involvement in commercial sex, highlighting the roles of external environments, media, alcohol, education, and financial pressures.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted using the PEOs framework, analyzing articles from databases like PubMed. Inclusion criteria included original peer-reviewed articles published between 2014 and 2024 in English or Indonesian, focusing on risky behaviors and adolescent involvement in commercial sex. Exclusion criteria eliminated grey literature and non-research-based articles. Eleven articles were rigorously selected for critical appraisal and numerical assessment.

Results: Findings reveal that family dysfunction, peer pressure, and media influences significantly shape adolescent behavior. Alcohol consumption impairs decision-making, increasing vulnerability to exploitation. Educational attainment correlates with risk, as adolescents with limited education are more prone to engage in risky behaviors. Financial pressures further drive adolescents toward commercial sex as a perceived solution to economic challenges.

Conclusions: Adolescent involvement in commercial sex results from a confluence of external and internal factors, emphasizing the need for holistic interventions. Addressing family dynamics, enhancing educational opportunities, monitoring media exposure, and providing economic support can mitigate these risks. Comprehensive, multidisciplinary strategies are critical to protecting adolescent well-being and reducing the prevalence of risky behaviors


Keywords


Commercial Sex; Education; Risky Behavior; Teenagers

Full Text:

PDF

References


Puspita NVI. Factors Influencing Students as Commercial Sex Workers in Semarang City. Zahra: Journal of Health and Medical Research. 2022;2(3):179–84.

Manik MRC. Sexual Ethics Study on Student Sexual Behavior in Using the Mi-Chat Application at the Faculty of Theology Uksw [Undergraduate Theses ]. [Salatiga]: Satya Wacana Christian University; 2024.

Grasella F, Sukmana O, Widodo ERP. The Process of Student Prostitution Practices “Campus Chicken” in Malang City. Sosio Konsepsia: Journal of Social Welfare Research and Development. 2023;13(1).

Jennyya V, Pratiknjo MH, Rumampuk S. Hedonistic Lifestyle among Students of Sam Ratulangi University, HOLISTIC. Journal of Social and Culture. 14(3)2021;

De Vries I, Reid JA, Farrell A. From Responding to Uncertainties and Ambiguities to More Constructive and Inclusive Debates on Commercial Sex and Sex Trafficking. Vict Offender. 2023;18(3):586–606. https://doi.org/10.1080/15564886.2022.2151539

Novianti L, Waliadin W. Online Prostitution in the Perspective of Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 44 Of 2008 on Pornography. History: Educational Journal of History and Humanities. 2023;6(1):262–9.

Riana R, Setiadi S, Pratamanti ED. Sociolect of Commercial Sex Workers with Student Status in Campus Environment and Prostitution Environment as a Representation of Social Status. Journal of Social Cultural Dynamics. 2017;19(1):72–81.

Bungay V, Guta A, Varcoe C, Slemon A, Manning E, Comber S, et al. Gaps in Health Research Related to Sex Work: An Analysis of Canadian Health Research Funding. Crit Public Health. 2023;33(1):72–82. https://doi.org/10.1080/09581596.2021.1987385

Johnson L, Potter LC, Beeching H, Bradbury M, Matos B, Sumner G, et al. Interventions to Improve Health and the Determinants of Health among Sex Workers in High-Income Countries: a Systematic Review. Lancet Public Health. 2023;8(2):e141–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(22)00252-3

Musu CTO, Apriani R. Empirical Review of the Phenomenon of Commercial Sex Worker Prostitution in the Study of Legal Sociology. Scientific Journal of Educational Vehicle. 2024;10(3):175–81.

Negeri EL. Assessment of Risky Sexual Behaviors and Risk Perception among Youths in Western Ethiopia: the Influences of Family and Peers: a Comparative Cross-Sectional Study. BMC Public Health. 2014;14:1–12. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-301

Wakasa BF, Oljira L, Demena M, Regassa LD, Daga WB. Risky Sexual Behavior and Associated Factors among Sexually Experienced Secondary School Students in Guduru, Ethiopia. Prev Med Rep. 2021;23:101398. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101398

Reed SM, Kennedy MA, Decker MR, Cimino AN. Friends, Family, and Boyfriends: An Analysis of Relationship Pathways into Commercial Sexual Exploitation. Child Abuse Negl. 2019;90:1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.01.016

Madjid DZ, Meilindari A, Handayani L, Agustinus E, Maulana AF. Student as Online Prostitution Crime Offender (Study in Semarang City). Law Research Review Quarterly. 2019;5(2):201–32. https://doi.org/10.15294/snh.v5i2.31098

Wakoli CO. Relationship between Exposure to Mass Media and Adolescent Students’ Irresponsible Sexual Behavior in Secondary Schools. 2018; http://dx.doi.org/10.29322/IJSRP.8.12.2018.p84105

Sserwanja Q, Mwamba D, Poon P, Kim JH. Prevalence and Factors Associated with Risky Sexual Behaviors among Sexually Active Female Adolescents in Zambia. Arch Sex Behav. 2023;52(1):205–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-022-02385-6

Omoponle AH, Veronica D. Risky Sexual Behavior and Associated Factors among in-School Adolescents: a School-Based, Cross-Sectional Study. EUREKA: Social and Humanities. 2023;(4):59–68. https://doi.org/10.21303/2504-5571.2023.003066

Chikovore ES, Sooryamoorthy R. Sexual Practices and Risky Behaviour. In: Family Influence on Adolescent Sexual Behaviour in South Africa. Springer; 2024. p. 107–45. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-50377-1_5

Arasi O, Ajuwon A. Use of Sachet Alcohol and Sexual Behaviour among Adolescents in Ibadan, Nigeria. Afr Health Sci. 2020;20(1):14–27. https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v20i1.5

Ulo E. Family Pressure, Peer Influence, and Teenagers Involvement in Prostitution. European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences. 2024;2(1):298–307. https://doi.org/10.59324/ejtas.2024.2(1).25

Ori EC, Oparaocha ET, Ede AO, Nwaokoro JC, Nzeh NE. Perceived Factors Influencing the Practice of Prostitution among Female Undergraduates of Tertiary Institutions in Owerri Municipal, Imo State. world. 2020;4:1.

Rahman MA, Pramudiani D, Raudhah S. The Influence of Parenting on Adolescents’ Premarital Sexual Behavior. Jambi Medical Journal: Journal of Medicine and Health. 2021;9(1):08–18.

Sari NW. Factors Related to Sexual Behavior in Adolescents. Human Care Journal. 2020;5(3):813–26 https://doi.org/10.24198/jkp.v11i3.2327.

Arabi-Mianrood H, Hamzehgardeshi Z, Khoori E, Moosazadeh M, Shahhosseini Z. Influencing Factors on High-Risk Sexual Behaviors in Young People: an Ecological Perspective. International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health. 2019;31(2):20160162. https://doi.org/10.1515/ijamh-2016-0162

Harris B, McCredie MN, Truong T, Regan T, Thompson CG, Leach W, et al. Relations between Adolescent Sensation Seeking and Risky Sexual Behaviors Across Sex, Race, and Age: A Meta-Analysis. Archives of Sexual Behavior. 2023;52(1):191–204 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-022-02384-7 .

Purba AK, Thomson RM, Henery PM, Pearce A, Henderson M, Katikireddi SV. Social Media Use and Health Risk Behaviours in Young People: Systematic Review and Meta-AnalysisBritish Medical Journal. 2023;383. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2022-073552

Rahmadani A, Harihanto H. Several Social Factors That Influence Teenagers to Become Visitors to Commercial Sex Worker (CSW) Locations in Batu Timbau Village, Batu Ampar District, East Kutai Regency. 2023.

Bukit DS, Rochadi RK, Keloko AB. Long-term Exposure to Internet and Social Media and Its Relationship to Adolescent Sexual Behavior. Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan. 2024;19(1):1–8.

Pugesehan DJ, Siahaya A, Goha MM. The Impact of Social Media on Teenagers’ Free Sexual Behavior. Siwalima Health Work. 2023;2(1):21–6.

Vannucci A, Simpson EG, Gagnon S, Ohannessian CM. Social Media Use and Risky Behaviors in Adolescents: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of Adolescence. 2020;79:258–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2020.01.014

Pranawati SY, Ginanjar AS, Matindas RW, Irwanto I. Vulnerability of Adolescent Girls Victims of Commercial Sexual Exploitation in Bandung. Socio Konsepsia: Journal of Social Welfare Research and Development. 2020;9(2):198–212.

Rakhmah N, Putra BP. Social Factors that Influence Someone to Become a Commercial Sex Worker in Makassar, South Sulawesi. UMI Medical Journal. 2024;9(1):48–66. https://doi.org/10.33096/umj.v9i1.305

Ningsih EH, Mulyadi B, Yeni F. The Effectiveness of Peer Group Education on Risky Sexual Behavior in Adolescents. Permas Scientific Journal: Kendal Health College Scientific Journal. 2024;14(2):893–900.

Juwita D, Sofiah KS. Factors Influencing Premarital Sexual Behavior in Third Grade Adolescents in Senior High Schools Indonesian Teachers Association Pinang. Kesehatan Reproduksi. 2022;1(1):1–7.

Kurniasari A. Risk Factors for Children Becoming Victims of Sexual Exploitation (Case in Surabaya City). Socio Konsepsia: Journal of Social Welfare Research and Development. 2016;5(3):113–34.

Suarni L, Fitarina F, Aliyanto W. Factors Influencing Sexual Behavior of Adolescents in Urban and Rural Areas. Health Journal. 2020;11(3):457–67. https://doi.org/10.26630/jk.v11i3.2345 .

Safitri A. Analysis of Sexual Behavior of Students Living in Boarding Houses "Quantitative Study in Aceh Singkil Regency". Journal Health Of Education. 2022;2(1).

Rohmahwati D, Ningsih KIC, Ophelia D, Muzzamil F. The Impact of Alcohol on Juvenile Delinquency. IJM: Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary. 2024;2(5):41–50.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21927/jnki.2025.13(2).154-167

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Jurnal Ners dan Kebidanan Indonesia (JNKI) indexed by:

      

Lisensi Creative Commons

  View My Stats