Effect of an android-based KEKASIH class on breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes, and breastfeeding self-efficacy among pregnant women in Bengkulu City
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21927/jnki.2026.14(2).276-290Keywords:
Breastfeeding, Education, KEKASIHAbstract
Background: Exclusive breastfeeding coverage remains suboptimal in many regions in Indonesia, including Bengkulu City. This is related to several factors, such as pre-lacteal feeding practices, limited maternal knowledge, inadequate family support, and cultural influences. Strengthening breastfeeding education during pregnancy is essential to improve maternal preparedness and support successful exclusive breastfeeding.
Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effect of an Android-based KEKASIH Class educational program on breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes, and breastfeeding self-efficacy among pregnant women.
Methods: A quasi-experimental study with a non-equivalent control group design was conducted among 70 third-trimester pregnant women in Bengkulu City. Participants were selected using purposive sampling and divided into an intervention group and a control group. The intervention group received breastfeeding education through the Android-based KEKASIH Class application, while the control group received conventional education through antenatal classes. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis and non-parametric tests, including the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and the Mann–Whitney U test.
Results: The results showed significant improvements in breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes, and breastfeeding self-efficacy in both groups after the intervention (p < 0.05).There was no statistically significant difference between the intervention and control groups (p > 0.05), indicating that both educational approaches were effective in improving maternal readiness for breastfeeding.
Conclusions: The findings demonstrate that both the Android-based KEKASIH Class and conventional antenatal education can effectively improve breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes, and breastfeeding self-efficacy among pregnant women. Digital health education can therefore be considered an alternative strategy to support breastfeeding promotion programs.
References
REFERENCE
Suryani D, Simbolon D, Elly N, Pratiwi BA, Yandrizal. DETERMINANTS FAILURE OF EXCLUSIVE BREAST FEEDING ON HEALTH IN THE CITY BENGKULU. 2017;12(2). Available from: https://journal.unnes.ac.id/nju/kemas/article/view/6890/6022
Rapingah S, Muhani N, Besral, Yuniar P. Determinants of exclusive breastfeeding practices of female healthcare workers in Jakarta, Indonesia. J Kesehat Masy Nas. 2021;16(1):59–65.
Hikmahrachim HG, Rohsiswatmo R, Ronoatmodjo S. Impact of Exclusive Breastfeeding on Stunting among Child Aged 6-59 Months in Kabupaten Bogor at 2019. J Epidemiol Kesehat Indones. 2019;3(2):77–82.
Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Bengkulu. Katalog :Profil Kesehatan Ibu Dan Anak Provinsi Bengkulu 2022 [Internet]. Bengkulu; 2022. Available from: https://bit.ly/BPSProvinsiBengkulu
Nida K, Margawati A, Lathifah A. Perilaku Kesehatan Masyarakat Pesisir Desa Morodemak Kecamatan Bonang Kabupaten Demak. Endogami J Ilm Kaji Antropol [Internet]. 2022;5(2):1–11. Available from: https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/endogami/article/view/46930
Lestari H. Identifikasi Masalah Kesehatan Berbasis Lingkungan pada Masyarakat Pesisir Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Mata. Miracle J Public Heal. 2022;5(2):127–35.
Dagla M, Mrvoljak-Theodoropoulou I, Vogiatzoglou M, Giamalidou A, Tsolaridou E, Mavrou M, et al. Association between Breastfeeding Duration and Long-Term Midwifery-Led Support and Psychosocial Support: Outcomes from a Greek Non-Randomized Controlled Perinatal Health Intervention. Int J Environ Res Public Health [Internet]. 2021 Feb 18;18(4):1988. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/4/1988
Nurfatimah N, Ramadhan K, Entoh C, Longgupa LW, Hafid F. Continuity of Midwifery Care Implementation to Reduce Stunting. Open Access Maced J Med Sci [Internet]. 2021 Dec 1;9(E):1512–6. Available from: https://oamjms.eu/index.php/mjms/article/view/7062
Miaty N, Arsin AA, Sirajuddin S, Syafar M. the Effect of Education Lactation on Breastfeeding Behavior Infant 0-6 Months in Kendari Indonesia. Public Heal Indones. 2016;2(2):100–11.
Trisnaini I, Idris H, Purba IG. Kajian Sanitasi Lingkungan Pemukiman di Bantaran Sungai Musi Kota Palembang. J Kesehat Lingkung Indones. 2019;18(2):67.
Dinkes 2023. Profil kesehatan kota bengkulu 2023. 2023;19(5):1–162. Available from: chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://dinkes.bengkulukota.go.id/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PROFIL-DINAS-KESEHATAN-2023-2.pdf
Koushede V, Brixval CS, Thygesen LC, Axelsen SF, Winkel P, Lindschou J, et al. Antenatal small-class education versus auditorium-based lectures to promote positive transitioning to parenthood – A randomised trial. van Wouwe JP, editor. PLoS One [Internet]. 2017 May 2;12(5):e0176819. Available from: https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0176819
Amini P, Omani-Samani R, Sepidarkish M, Almasi-Hashiani A, Hosseini M, Maroufizadeh S. The Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form (BSES-SF): A validation study in Iranian mothers. BMC Res Notes [Internet]. 2019;12(1):1–6. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-019-4656-7
Putri GN, Winarni S, Dharmawan Y. Gambaran Umur Wus Muda Dan Faktor Risiko Kehamilan Terhadap Komplikasi Persalinan Atau Nifas Di Kecamatan Bandungan Kabupaten Semarang [Internet]. Vol. 5. 2017. Available from: http://ejournal-s1.undip.ac.id/index.php/jkm
Kabir MR, Ghosh S, Shawly A. Causes of Early Marriage and Its Effect on Reproductive Health of Young Mothers in Bangladesh. Am J Appl Sci. 2019;16(9):289–97.
Neves RO, Bernardi JR, da Silva CH, Goldani MZ, Bosa VL. Can parity influence infant feeding in the first six months of life? Cienc e Saude Coletiva. 2020;25(11):4593–600.
Bilal Safdar M, Naveed M, Razzaq M, Ejaz M, Tahir A, Waheed Rathore A. Impact of Maternal age and Parity on Exclusive Breast Feeding Practices. Pakistan J Med Heal Sci. 2021;15(10):2527–9.
Nisa ZH. Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Ketidakberhasilan Dalam Pemberian Asi Eksklusif Pada Ibu Yang Memiliki Bayi Usia 0-6 Bulan Di Klinik Pratama Spn Polda Metro Jaya Periode 06 Juni 06 – 06 Juli 2022. J Ilm Kesehat BPI. 2023;7(1):50–9.
Fatiah MS, Tambing Y, Catursaptani R. Pengaruh Pemberian ASI Eksklusif terhadap Amenorrhea Laktasi di Indonesia. J Bidan Cerdas. 2022;4(3):141–51.
Novira D. Local Genius of Engganese Community in Bengkulu Province (An Etnographic Study of Health and Illness Perception). Res Humanit Soc Sci [Internet]. 2019 Feb;9(4):41–8. Available from: https://www.iiste.org/Journals/index.php/RHSS/article/view/46597
Prastyoningsih A, Rohmantika D, Pratiwi EN, Maharani A, Rohmah AN. The Effect of Education Breastfeeding to Breastfeeding Self Efficacy in Central Java Indonesia. PLACENTUM J Ilm Kesehat dan Apl. 2021;9(3):1.
Eugenie T, Batlejeri J, Napitupulu M. Pengetahuan Ibu Merupakan Faktor Dominan dalam Pemberian ASI Eksklusif. J Ilmu dan Teknol Kesehat. 2018;2(2):2–7.
Gebremariam KT, Mulugeta A, Gallegos D. Theory ‑ based mHealth targeting fathers and mothers to improve exclusive breastfeeding : a quasi ‑ experimental study. Int Breastfeed J. 2023;1–11.
Wen X, Wang S, Lewkowitz AK, Ward KE, Christine E, Meador KJ. During Pregnancy : Using Marginal Structural Models. 2022;44(12):1297–309.
Bashir S, Ansari AH, Sultana A. Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice on Antenatal Care Among Pregnant Women and its Association With Sociodemographic Factors: A Hospital-Based Study. J Patient Exp. 2023;10:1–11.
Jaya VO, Pratiwi CS. Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Efikasi Diri Menyusui Ibu Hamil Trimester 3. J Midwifery Reprod. 2022;5(2):94–103.
Awaliyah SN, Rachmawati IN, Rahmah H. Breastfeeding self-efficacy as a dominant factor affecting maternal breastfeeding satisfaction. BMC Nurs. 2019;18(Suppl 1):1–7.
Swift EM, Zoega H, Stoll K, Avery M, Gottfreðsdóttir H. Enhanced Antenatal Care: Combining one-to-one and group Antenatal Care models to increase childbirth education and address childbirth fear. Women and Birth [Internet]. 2021;34(4):381–8. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2020.06.008
Ratzon R, Cohen A, Hadar A, Froimovici M, Bilenko N. Impact of Group vs. Individual Prenatal Care Provision on Women’s Knowledge of Pregnancy-Related Topics: An Open, Controlled, Semi-Randomized Community Trial. J Clin Med. 2022;11(17).
