Hypercholesterolemia risk in nutrition students: junk food consumption and physical activity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21927/ijnd.2026.14(3).190-198Keywords:
Junk food, Physical activity, Hypercholesterolemia, aktivitas fisikAbstract
ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: Hiperkolesterolemia merupakan faktor penyebab utama penyakit jantung iskemik, sekitar sepertiga kasus global. Penelitian terdahulu pada mahasiswa kesehatan menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar mahasiswa memiliki kebiasaan makan yang buruk dan tingkat aktivitas fisik yang rendah.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara frekuensi konsumsi junk food dan aktivitas fisik dengan risiko hiperkolesterolemia pada mahasiswa gizi Universitas Negeri Surabaya.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional dan dilakukan pada 26-29 September 2024 di Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan dan Kesehatan, Universitas Negeri Surabaya. Rumus slovin digunakan dalam penentuan jumlah sampel dan diperoleh sampel sebanyak 92 responden. Metode proporsional random sampling digunakan untuk menentukan jumlah sampel per angkatan mahasiswa. Pengukuran variabel frekuensi konsumsi junk food menggunakan kuesioner SQ-FFQ, sedangkan aktivitas fisik diukur menggunakan IPAQ-SF. Pengukuran kolesterol menggunakan alat EasyTouch GCU (Glucose, Cholesterol, Uric Acid) meter dengan strip kolesterol. Chi-square digunakan untuk menguji hubungan antara konsumsi junk food dan aktivitas fisik dengan hiperkolesterolemia.
Hasil: Sebagian besar mahasiswa mengalami hiperkolesterolemia dengan prevalensi sebesar 59,8%. Prevalensi konsumsi junk food pada mahasiswa sebesar 51% dan prevalensi mahasiswa yang melakukan aktivitas fisik ringan sebesar 53%. Data statistik menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara frekuensi konsumsi junk food (p=0.004) dan aktivitas fisik (p=0.000) dengan risiko hiperkolesterolemia.
Kesimpulan: Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pola konsumsi junk food yang tinggi dan kurangnya aktivitas fisik merupakan faktor risiko yang signifikan terhadap kejadian hiperkolesterolemia pada mahasiswa gizi. Perlu dilakukan tindakan pencegahan melalui skrining pada usia muda.
ABSTRACT
Background: Hypercholesterolemia is a primary cause of ischemic heart disease, accounting for around one-third of global cases. Previous studies among health students have shown that most students had unhealthy eating habits and low physical activity.
Objective: This study aims to examine the correlation between junk food consumption frequency, physical activity levels, and the risk of hypercholesterolemia among nutrition students at Surabaya State University.
Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional design conducted from September 26 to 29, 2024, at the Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Surabaya State University. Slovin’s formula was employed to estimate the sample size, resulting in 92 respondents. Proportional random sampling was used to determine the sample size per student class. The SQ-FFQ questionnaire was used to assess junk food consumption frequency, while the IPAQ-SF questionnaire was used to assess physical activity levels. The EasyTouch GCU meter with cholesterol strips was used to measure cholesterol levels. Chi-Square test was used to examine the relationship between junk food consumption frequency, physical activity, and the risk of hypercholesterolemia.
Result: Most students had hypercholesterolemia (59.8%). The prevalence of junk food consumption frequency among students was 51%, and the prevalence of students engaging in low physical activity was 53%. Statistical data showed a significant relationship between junk food consumption frequency (p=0.004) and physical activity (p=0.000) with the risk of hypercholesterolemia.
Conclusion: High junk food consumption and low physical activity are identified as significant risk factors for hypercholesterolemia among nutrition students. Preventive measures should be taken, including screening at an adolescent age.
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References
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