PENGARUH FRAKSI ETIL ASETAT EKSTRAK ETANOL 96% AKAR PASAK BUMI (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) TERHADAP GAMBARAN HISTOPATOLOGIS HEPAR TIKUS BETINA Sprague Dawley YANG DIBERI KARSINOGEN 7,12-Dimetilbenz(a) antrasen (DMBA)

Ratna Wijayatri

Abstract


Abstrak

Eurycoma longifolia Jack adalah tanaman yang mempunyai Kandungan bioaktif dalam ekstrak air, butanol, metanol, dan kloroform yang terbukti memiliki efek antikanker secara  in vitro pada berbagai human cancer cell lines seperti MCF 7, HepG2, Hela, dan CaOv-3. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh pemberian fraksi etil asetat ekstrak etanol 96% akar pasak bumi (E. longifolia Jack) terhadap organ hepar yang telah diinduksi dengan DMBA.

Tikus galur Sprague Dawley berumur 1 bulan digunakan dalam penelitian ini dan dibagi dalam beberapa kelompok. Kelompok 1 merupakan kelompok kontrol positif (tamoksifen), kelompok II merupakan kontrol negatif (DMBA dalam corn oil), kelompok III,IV dan V merupakan kelompok perlakuan fraksi etil asetat ekstrak etanol 96% akar pasak bumi (12,6 mg/kgBB, 25,2 mg/kgBB, dan 50,4 mg/kgBB), kelompok VI sebagai kontol pelarut (corn oil), kelompok VII sebagai kontrol baseline (pakan dan minum). DMBA digunakan sebagai penginduksi tumor diberikan 2 kali seminggu selama 5 minggu dengan dosis 20 mg/KgBB pada minggu ke-3 sampai minggu ke-7. Fraksi etil asetat ekstrak etanol 96% akar pasak bumi diberikan satu minggu sebelum pemberian DMBA dan selama pemberian DMBA.

Pada minggu ke-16 setelah pemberian DMBA terakhir organ hepar kemudian diamati baik sacara makroskopis dan mikroskopis. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa fraksi etil asetat ekstrak etanol 96% akar pasak bumi (E. longfolia Jack) pada dosis 25,2 mg/KgBB mampu melindungi hepar dari kerusakan jika dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol negatif yaitu DMBA yang menunjukkan adanya kerusakan berupa radang, kongesti dan limfoblastik sel sekitar pembuluh darah.

 

Kata kunci : Eurycoma longifolia Jack, 7,12-Dimetilbenz(a)antrasen (DMBA), Hepar

 

Abstract

Eurycoma longifolia Jack is a plant that content of bioactive compound in the water extract, butanol, and chloroform showed that they have anti cancer effect in the human cancer cell lines sich as MCF 7, HepG2, Hela, and CaOv-3. The aims of the study is to look at the effect of ethyl acetate fraction of ethanolic extract 96% from E. longifolia Jack root to the liver that has been induced by DMBA.

Strain of Sprague Dawley rats aged 1 month used in this study and divided into several groups. Group I represents the positive control group (Tamoksifen), group II was negative controls (DMBA in corn oil), group III, IV and V is a variation of treatment group who were given ethyl acetate fraction of etanolic extract 96% from the E. longifolia Jack root (12,6mg/Kg, 25,2mg/Kg, and 50,4mg/Kg), group VI as the solvent control (corn oil), group VII as a baseline control (food and drink). 7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) is used as a tumour inductor given 2 times a week for 5 weeks with a dose of 20mg/kg at thirth week until seventth week. The ethyl acetate fraction of etanolic extract 96% of E. longifolia Jack root given one weeks prior DMBA and during DMBA giving.

In the 16th week after the last giving of DMBA to the mouse, they were both observed macroscopically and microscopically. The result shows that the ethyl acetate fraction of etanolic axtract 96% of E. longifolia Jack with dose 25,2mg/Kg capable to protect the liver from the damage. It is different with the negative control group which shows the presence of DMBA damage in the form inflammation, congestion and limfoblastic celc around blood vessels.

 

Keyword : Eurycoma longifolia Jack, 7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)antrhacene   (DMBA), liver


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21927/inpharnmed.v1i1.505

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