PENGARUH INTERVENSI APOTEKER TERHADAP KEJADIAN DRUG RELATED PROBLEMS PADA PASIEN PENYAKIT GINJAL KRONIS DI RSU PKU MUHAMMADIYAH BANTUL

Andi Haris Kurniawan

Abstract


Abstrak

Penyakit ginjal kronis (PGK) adalah penyakit yang sering muncul di berbagai negara. Penurunan fungsi ginjal secara progresif pada pasien penyakit ginjal kronis dapat menimbulkan kejadian yang tidak diharapkan dari penggunaan obat, karena menurunnya fungsi ginjal dalam mengekskresikan obat dan metabolitnya disamping komorbid yang sering timbul. Drug Related Problems (DRPs) dapat berdampak pada efektifitas dan keamanan suatu pengobatan juga menyebabkan morbidity, mortality dan biaya pengobatan yang dikeluarkan pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran DRPs yang terjadi pada pasien PGK dan pengaruh intervensi apoteker terhadap DRPs di RSU PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul dengan cara membandingkan DRPs yang timbul sebelum dan sesudah intervensi apoteker. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan desain observational kohort. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara prospektif kohort untuk melihat gambaran. DRPs dan pengaruh intervensi apoteker terhadap kejadian DRPs pada pasien PGK rawat inap di RSU PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul periode Agustus-Oktober 2017. Kategori DRPs mengikuti klasifikasi DRPs PCNE V7.0, tercatat DRPs kategori masalah sebanyak 19 kasus (45,2%) dan kategori penyebab sebanyak 24 kasus (57,1%). Drug Related Problems yang paling banyak ditemukan terapi tidak optimal (28,6%), waktu/interval pemberian obat (26,8%), kombinasi obat dengan obat (16,7%) dan ada indikasi tidak ada obat (11,9%). Dilakukan intervensi oleh apoteker terhadap kejadian DRPs yang ditemukan, intervensi apoteker dalam bentuk merubah instruksi penggunaan obat (30,7%), memberikan informasi/ rekomendasi kepada penulis resep (16,7%) dan memberikan edukasi pada pasien (11,9%). Intervensi apoteker yang dilakukan dapat mencegah atau mengatasi DRPs yang ditemukan. Kesimpulan pada penelitain ini masih terdapat DRPs yang terjadi pada pasien PGK rawat inap. Keterlibatan apoteker dapat mencegah atau menurunkan kejadian DRPs serta memastikan terapi obat yang efisien, efektif dan aman

Kata Kunci: drug related problems; penyakit ginjal kronik; intervensi apoteker

 

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a disease that often appears in various countries. Progressive decline in kidney function in patients with chronic kidney disease can lead to unexpected events from drug use, due to decreased kidney function in excreting the drug and its metabolites in addition to the co-morbidities that often arise. Drug-Related Problems (DRPs) is one of the problems that can arise from treatment. Drug-Related Problems (DRPs) in addition to impacting the effectiveness and safety of treatment can also cause morbidity, mortality, and treatment costs incurred by the patient. This study aims to look at the picture of DRPs that occur in CKD patients and the effect of pharmacist intervention on DRPs in PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital Bantul by comparing DRPs that arise before and after pharmacist intervention. This research is descriptive with an observational cohort design. Data were collected prospectively in a cohort to see DRPs drawings and the influence of pharmacist interventions on the incidence of DRPs in inpatient CKD patients at PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital in Bantul in the period August-October 2017. The DRPs category followed the PCNE V7.0 DRP classification, recorded DRPs in the problem category for 19 cases (45.2%) and the category of loading was 24 cases (57.1%). The most drug-related problems were found to be non-optimal therapy (28.6%), the time/interval of drug administration (26.8%), the combination of drugs with drugs (16.7%), and there were indications of no drugs (11.9%). Pharmacists intervened with the incidence of DRPs found, pharmacists intervened in the form of changing instructions for using drugs (30.7%), giving information/recommendations to prescribers (16.7%), and providing education to patients (11.9%). Pharmacist intervention can prevent or overcome the DRPs found. Conclusions in this study there are still DRPs that occur in inpatient CKD patients. The involvement of pharmacists can prevent or reduce the incidence of DRPs and ensure efficient, effective, and safe drug therapy.


Keywords: drug-related problems; chronic kidney disease; pharmacist intervention



Keywords


drug related problems; penyakit ginjal kronik; intervensi apoteker

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21927/inpharnmed.v4i2.1253

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