Transformasi Sistem Pembayaran Internasional: QRIS Mengguncang Dominasi Visa dan Mastercard
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21927/ijma.2026.7(1).46-56Keywords:
mastercard, international payment, QRIS, visa, pembayaran internasionalAbstract
ABSTRACT
Over the past decade, advances in digital technology have triggered a major transformation in the global payment system, marked by a shift from card-based methods (Visa and Mastercard) to smartphone-based payments and QR codes. In Indonesia, the Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard (QRIS) was launched in 2019, which became an important milestone in creating a faster and more efficient payment ecosystem. This study aims to analyze the transformation of international payment systems and discuss public responses to these changes in payment infrastructure. The method used is a qualitative literature study with a comparative descriptive analysis approach, using data from scientific articles and academic reports published between 2019 and 2025. The results of the study show that the adoption of the QRIS payment system not only promotes financial inclusion and transaction cost efficiency for MSMEs, but also marks a shift in the economic model towards a decentralized payment system. Several countries in Asia are beginning to show financial independence by building domestic payment infrastructures that are capable of operating across borders without having to rely entirely on the dominance of traditional payment networks such as Visa and Mastercard. This study has limitations, namely the need for user education, digital infrastructure, and data security threats. The conclusion of this study is that the emergence of various digital payment innovations has encouraged greater sustainability in conducting cross-border transactions and provides many benefits to the current financial system because payment systems can be created by each country.
ABSTRAK
Dalam satu dekade terakhir, kemajuan teknologi digital dapat memicu transformasi besar dalam sistem pembayaran global yang ditandai dengan pergeseran dari metode berbasis kartu (Visa dan Mastercard) menuju pembayaran berbasis ponsel cerdas dan kode QR. Di Indonesia, Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard (QRIS) telah diluncurkan pada tahun 2019 yang menjadi tonggak penting dalam menciptakan ekosistem pembayaran yang lebih cepat dan efisien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis transformasi sistem pembayaran internasional serta membahas tanggapan masyarakat trhadap perubahan infrastruktur pembayaran ini. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi literatur kualitatif dengan pendekatan analisis deksriptif komparatif, menggunakan data dari artikel ilmiah dan laporan akademik yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2019 hingga 2025. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adopsi sistem pembayaran QRIS tidak hanya mendorong inkulis keuangan dan efisiensi biaya transaksi bagi UMKM, tetapi juga menandai pergeseran model ekonomi menuju desentralisasi sistem pembayaran. Beberapa negara di Asia mulai menunjukkan kemandirian finansial dengan membangun infrastruktur pembayaran domestik yang mampu beroperasi lintas batas tanpa harus bergantung sepenuhnya pada dominasi jaringan pembayaran tradisional seperti Visa dan Mastercard. Penelitian ini memiliki keterbatasan yaitu kebutuhan edukasi pengguna, infrastruktur digital dan ancaman keamanan data. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah munculnya berbagai inovasi pembayaran digital telah mendorong keberlanjutan yang lebih besar dalam melakukan transaksi lintas negara dan memberikan banyak manfaat dalam sistem keuangan saat ini karena sistem pembayaran dapat diciptakan oleh masing-masing negara.
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