KEPATUHAN MENGKONSUMSI SUPLEMEN ZAT BESI BERPENGARUH TERHADAP KEJADIAN ANEMIA PADA KEHAMILAN

Nurul Kusumawardani

Abstract


Abstrak

Kondisi kehamilan memiliki risiko lebih tinggi mengalami anemia defisiensi zat besi. Hal ini dikarenakan, kebutuhan zat besi meningkat secara signifikan namun tidak diimbangi dengan penyimpanan zat besi di dalam tubuh. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui gambaran tingkat kepatuhan ibu hamil dengan metode pill count dan self report dalam mengkonsumsi suplemen zat besi serta hubungannya terhadap kejadian anemia pada kehamilan. Penelitian ini merupakan descriptive correlation study dengan rancangan case-control design, dimana sampel pada penelitian ini terbagi menjadi kelompok kasus (ibu hamil dengan anemia) dan kontrol (ibu hamil tanpa anemia). Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah non-probability sampling dengan metode consecutive sampling, hingga didapatkan 68 responden usia kehamilan trimester III yang rutin melakukan antenatal care (ANC) sejak awal kehamilan di Puskesmas Jetis, Kota Yogyakarta pada bulan Februari 2019. Keseluruhan responden terbagi menjadi dua kelompok, masing-masing sebanyak 34 responden. Analisis statistika yang digunakan untuk merumuskan hasil penelitian ini adalah Chi-square (X2 test) dengan Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) untuk mengetahui kekuatan dan arah korelasi antara kejadian anemia dengan tingkat kepatuhan responden berdasarkan metode pill count. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa responden yang tidak patuh mengkonsumsi suplemen zat besi berhubungan bermakna dengan kejadian anemia (X2=11,56; p=0,001 (p<0,050)), odd ratio (OR) = 10,79; 95%CI 2,25-51,66 dan memiliki arah korelasi positif dengan kekuatan sedang (ρ=0,412, p=0,001), sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ibu hamil yang tidak patuh akan berisiko 10 kali lipat mengalami anemia (Hb<11,5 g/dL) pada masa kehamilan. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat diketahui bahwa pentingnya mengkonsumsi suplemen zat besi untuk mencegah terjadinya anemia pada ibu hamil.

Kata Kunci: anemia, hemoglobin, kehamilan, kepatuhan, suplemen zat besi

 

Abstract

Women with pregnancy have a higher risk of developing anemia with iron deficiency. This condition is due to the maternal body requirements for a significant iron, but the intake and storage of iron in the body are inadequate. The aim of this study was to describe the compliance of pregnant women in consuming iron supplement and correlation with anemia in pregnancy. The purpose of the study to describe the compliance of pregnant women in consuming iron supplements and its relationship with the incidence of anemia in pregnancy. This study is a descriptive correlation study with a case-control design. The sampling technique used was non-probability sampling with the consecutive sampling method, so that 68 respondents of pregnancy in their third trimester who routinely performed antenatal care (ANC) since the beginning of pregnancy at Primary Health Center Jetis, Yogyakarta City in February 2019. Chi-square statistical analysis (X2 test) with Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) to determine the strength and direction of the correlation between anemia and respondent compliance based on the pill count method. The results showed that respondents who did not adhere with iron supplements had a significant relationship with the incidence of anemia (X2 = 11.56; p-value= 0.001 (p-value<0.050)), odds ratio (OR) = 10.79; 95% CI 2.25-51.66 and has a positive correlation direction with moderate strength (ρ-value= 0.412, p-value = 0.001), so it can be concluded that pregnant women who are not adherent will have 10 times the risk of experiencing anemia (Hb 11.5 g/dL) during pregnancy.

 

Keyword: anemia, hemoglobin, pregnancy, adherence, iron supplements


Keywords


Anemia, Hemoglobin, Pregnancy, Adherence, Iron Supplements

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21927/inpharnmed.v4i2.1376

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